Recently, the United States, the European Union, and the United Kingdom jointly signed a historic agreement—the world's first international treaty on artificial intelligence. This treaty will have far-reaching impacts on global AI development, with its core content focusing on strengthening human rights protection and accountability mechanisms within AI regulatory systems. The convention clearly states that human rights and democratic values should serve as fundamental principles governing the operation of public and private sector AI models. As the world's first international legal document addressing AI, this treaty will provide crucial guidance for cooperation and governance in the field of AI among countries. It stipulates that any damage or unfair treatment caused by AI systems must bear legal responsibility. Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of respecting citizens' equal rights and privacy rights and provides legal avenues for victims whose rights have been violated by AI. Despite this, there is currently a lack of specific follow-up reinforcement measures and enforcement mechanisms, relying solely on monitoring means to ensure compliance with the treaty.